A Review of Lakewood’s Proposed “Beneficial Home Electrification and Upgrade Program”
Guest Post from Bill Foshag Editor’s Note: This plan will be acted on by City Council during the April 22 meeting. Check that meeting packet to see the full proposal for the LAC side of the story. The Lakewood Advisory Commission (LAC) put together a “Beneficial Home Electrification and Upgrade Program” (BHEUP). This plan will come a great expense to the residents of Lakewood, and will mandate drastic changes to the City’s building code. The Plan The BHEUP plan targets Lakewood homes and multi-family buildings for CO2 reduction. It is presented in response to a proposal at a July 2023 City Council meeting where the Advisory Committee was approved to look into policies and actions to expedite “green renovation” in Lakewood’s residential buildings. Lakewood has a 2015 “sustainability plan” that calls for reducing the city’s CO2 emissions to 20% below 2007 levels by the year 2025. According to the plan, “Partnering in the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy commits Lakewood to achieve net zero community greenhouse gas emissions by 2050”. Achieving these goals means the entire elimination of the use of natural organic fuel sources (oil, natural gas, and coal). There is no discussion in the report why the city has partnered with a global organization that does not represent our residents. Achieving these goals means the entire elimination of the use of natural organic fuel sources (oil, natural gas, and coal). The plan states that 21% of Lakewood’s CO2 emissions come from residences. The sources of the remaining 79% of CO2 emissions in Lakewood (commercial, transportation, unspecified “consumption”, and other sources) are not targeted for reductions. The report does not state why residences are specifically targeted and why larger CO2 contributors are excluded. Traditionally, governing bodies have found it easier to regulate individuals, as corporations and larger organizations have lobbying groups and funding, and are better equipped to fight back and litigate if necessary. The plan states that the targeted properties are multi-family units over 20,000 square feet, with certain exemptions for new homes under 2,500 square feet, and remodeling of existing homes. Further reading shows in fact, that it calls for changes to be made to the EDM which would include all existing residences and all new construction regardless of square footage under this plan. The plan LAC proposes has four primary recommendations to achieve the goal of greenhouse gas reduction: 1. Establish a Lakewood program for tax credit and rebate match for qualifying upgrades. 2. Make additions to the Enhanced Development Menu (EDM), Article 13 and (continue to) adapt as conditions develop in order to meet goals. 3. Add full time employees as deemed necessary at the Lakewood Building Department and Sustainability Division to implement and administer recommendations. 4. Develop a comprehensive community outreach and education plan to promote and support appropriate electrification and weatherization. Adding more support staff to implement these changes has budget implications at a time Lakewood is already asking for more money. The plan calls for partnering with companies such as BlocPower, a for-profit corporation based in New York. No doubt BlocPower would profit from Lakewood’s adoption of this proposal. Representatives from BlocPower are noted as assisting in preparing this plan. A Sense of Urgency The LAC is making this proposal with a sense of urgency: “The LAC supports urgent adoption of these recommendations so Lakewood staff will have time to develop programs affecting the 2025 city budget. Federal funds are available now and state funds become available in 2024” and: “They (Federal funds) may not be available indefinitely, especially given the uncertainty of election outcomes and politics. It is therefore imperative that Lakewood takes the below listed steps related to funding opportunities…”. A quick approval of this plan by City Council allows less time for resident’s feedback. It does not allow for careful analysis of the necessary expenses and possible consequences of a proposal that will be very costly for the residents and likely to require unacceptable lifestyle changes. Mandated Major Changes The plan seeks to take away homeowners energy choices and impose city mandated regulations via changes in the building code and permitting processes to achieve these goals: “Broad adoption of electrification is necessary to make significant change. Where voluntary reductions fall short of decarbonization goals, upgrades at the point of replacement of heating appliances and furnaces can be encouraged at permitting or through the expansion of Lakewood’s Enhanced Development Menu: EDM. Additionally, Federal, state, and local incentives can assist most homeowners in the transition away from greenhouse gas producing systems and can be weighted to further assist homeowners when affordability is insurmountable.” Heat Pumps The plan advocates the use of heat pumps to replace natural gas furnaces. Heat pumps can be thought of as air conditioners that can be run in reverse. They generally work well and efficiently within certain specific indoor/outdoor temperature ranges, but when those temperatures ranges widen, the efficiency drops. Working as a heat pump, the units depend on a certain amount of heat to be available in the ambient air outside so that heat can be transferred indoors for heating. For residential heating, heat pumps can work fairly well when the outside temperatures are in the 50 to 60 degree range, but their efficiency and ability to heat a home drops considerably when the temperatures approach 40 degrees. Below 40 degrees, heat pumps are not able to maintain indoor temperatures at comfortable levels so some sort of back-up heat source is required. The back-up is typically either a natural gas furnace or an electrical (resistive) heating source. While resistive heating works well, it is very expensive compared to natural gas heating. Heating homes in this area with heat pumps is very expensive, not efficient, and not practical considering the cold winters we have in Lakewood. The plan also mentions heat pump systems for heating water. The BHEUP proposal states: “Add electrification compliance of a heat pump water heater at the replacement of natural gas hot water heaters. This achieves GHG emissions reduction
